I'm not sure what troubling comments Khross is referring to, but the problem with any of these treaties is simply that equal numbers and equal restrictions are not necessarily equal.
Russian missiles, especially SLBMs tend to be less accurate than U.S. systems. This gives Russia an advantage when we start limiting numbers of warheads; when you limit the number of warheads and number of delivery systems it takes away our technology advantage in accuracy. With limited numbers of warheads, no missile will come anywhere close to its capacity in MIRVs. However there is no limit on the
yield of the warheads, so the one or two that remain can be much larger. This overcomes an accuracy disadvantage because a larger warhead can knock out a missile silo within a larger circular error.
Second, Russia has avoided doing much int he way of ballistic missile defense research; although it maintains the Gorgon ABMs around Moscow, these are not continental defense in the way that the U.S. system is. Instead, Russia has focused on continuing to develop newer and better
ICBMs and
SLBMsand a new class of ballistic missile submarine, the
Borei. This is largely for financial reasons; ballistic missiles are mature technology that just needs incremental improvements, while ABM systems are still largeyl in their infancy due to the idiotic ABM treaty.
In other words, the proopsed treaty is inherently favorable to Russia if it limits ABM systems in a significant way. If it does not, then its more or less equal because we can continue refurbishing our older ICBMs and SLBMs and submarines, accepting less older systems and smaller yields and putting ABM defenses in their place.
Any arms limitation treaty all the way back to the Washington and London Naval Treaties has attempted to draw false equivalences based on reltively artificial classifications (what exactly does a "delivery system" mean in this treaty? What is a "deployed" system? These questions harken back to disputes over ship tonnage measured loaded or empty) that the public generally does not grasp, and cannot be expected to grasp because of the technical details.