Monte wrote:
Government spending during a recessionary period increases aggregate demand and mitigates the downturn. We didn't spend enough to really get the job done, mostly because people think that the government is like a household and that it's finances should be managed the same. It's stupid, but it is what it is. Had we really spent what was needed in the way it was needed, I am quite sure we would be in a much better place, unemployment-wise, than we are now.
We need a massive public works project. Perhaps high speed rail, all over the country. Perhaps an apollo project on renewable energy. Something that stimulates aggregate demand in such a way that everyone starts hiring.
But, according to the people that want to withhold food to the starving, that's crazy. Sigh.
In macroeconomics, aggregate demand (AD) is the total demand for final goods and services in the economy (Y) at a given time and price level[1]. It is the amount of goods and services in the economy that will be purchased at all possible price levels.[2] This is the demand for the gross domestic product of a country when inventory levels are static. It is often called effective demand, though at other times this term is distinguished.
It is often cited that the aggregate demand curve is downward sloping because at lower price levels a greater quantity is demanded. While this is correct at the microeconomic, single good level, at the aggregate level this is incorrect. The aggregate demand curve is in fact downward sloping as a result of three distinct effects; Pigou's wealth effect, the Keynes' interest rate effect and the Mundell-Fleming exchange-rate effect.
Then from the bold and underlined...
Why Pigou's hypothesis prevents the liquidity trap
An economy in a liquidity trap cannot use monetary stimulus to increase output because there is little connection between personal income and money demand, John Hicks thought that this might be another reason (along with sticky prices) for persistently high unemployment. However, the Pigou effect creates a mechanism for the economy to escape the trap:
As unemployment rises,
the price level drops,
which raises real balances,
and thus consumption rises,
which creates a different set of IS-curves on the IS-LM diagram, intersecting the LM curves above the low interest rate threshold of the liquidity trap.
Finally, the economy moves to the new equilibrium, at full employment.
Pigou concluded that an equilibrium with employment below the full employment rate (the classical natural rate) could only occur if prices and wages were sticky.
Again from the bold underline...
The term liquidity trap is used in Keynesian economics to refer to a situation where monetary policy is unable to stimulate an economy, either through lowering interest rates or increasing the money supply.
1- I cannot see how Government spending is going to increase the total demand for final goods and services in the economy at a given time and price level.
2- The way the government is doing things right now with increased spending is causing taxes to be increased, this would imply that the Pigou effect mechanism to escape the liquidity trap is being blocked from working.
3- We seem to have an economy that is currently in a liquidity trap. If this is the case (and I am likely incorrect on that point); how is government spending going to help this? They have tried lowering the interest rates and it failed, they have tried to increase the money supply further pushing # 2 (above). The increases in tax are preventing the real balances from increasing.
4- And beating a dead horse... but with the economy in as much distress as it is currently in, and with a constant influx of illegal immigrants (regardless of point of origin), who are also out of work because the economy is in the shitter.. and in many cases utilizing government services, it causes more money to be spent by the government: causing taxes to be raised to fund the government projects, again exacerbating # 2 (again above). Hurting not only the legal citizens of the country, but the illegals that are here as well.