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PostPosted: Wed Mar 24, 2010 6:17 pm 
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Astronomers may have underestimated the tally of galaxies in some parts of the universe by as much as 90 percent, according to a study reported on Wednesday in Nature, the weekly British science journal.

Surveys of the cosmos are based on a signature of ultraviolet light that turns out to be a poor indicator of what's out there, its authors say.

In the case of very distant, old galaxies, the telltale light may not reach earth as it is blocked by interstellar clouds of dust and gas — and, as a result, these galaxies are missed by the map-makers.

"Astronomers always knew they were missing some fraction of the galaxies... but for the first time we now have a measurement. The number of missed galaxies is substantial," said Matthew Hayes of the University of Geneva's observatory, who led the investigation.

Hayes' team used the world's most advanced optical instrument — Europe's Very Large Telescope (VLT) in Chile, which has four 8.2m behemoths — to carry out the experiment.

They turned two of the giants towards a well-studied area of deep space called the GOODS-South field.

The astronomers carried out two sets of observations in the same region, hunting for light emitted by galaxies born 10 billion years ago.

The first looked for so-called Lyman-alpha light, the classic telltale used to compile cosmic maps, named after its US discoverer, Theodore Lyman. Lyman-alpha is energy released by excited hydrogen atoms.

The second observation used a special camera called HAWK-1 to look for a signature emitted at a different wavelength, also by glowing hydrogen, which is known as the hydrogen-alpha (or H-alpha) line.

The second sweep yielded a whole bagful of light sources that had not been spotted using the Lyman-alpha technique.

They include some of the faintest galaxies ever found, forged at a time when the Universe was just a child.

The astronomers conclude that Lyman-alpha surveys may only spot just a tiny number of the total light emitted from far galaxies. Astonishingly, as many as 90 percent of such distant galaxies may go unseen in these exercises.

"If there are 10 galaxies seen, there could be a hundred there," said Hayes.

The discovery could add powerfully to knowledge about the timeline by which stars and then galaxies formed.

"Now that we know how much light we've been missing, we can start to create far more accurate representations of the cosmos, understanding better how quickly stars have formed at different times in the life of the Universe," co-author Miguel Mas-Hesse said in a press release issued by the European Southern Observatory (ESO).

Only a small part of the light spectrum is visible to the human eye, which is why astronomers use ultraviolet, gamma and other radiation sources as additional sources for observation.


I giggled at this "Very Large Telescope (VLT)" I guess scientists aint very good at naming stuff hehe


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PostPosted: Wed Mar 24, 2010 6:23 pm 
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Not surprising in the slightest. Space is a gigantic place, and our eyes (both natural and electronic) can only see so far.

/queue Monty Python's Galaxy Song


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PostPosted: Wed Mar 24, 2010 6:38 pm 
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All this tells me if that there is even more of a chance for intelligent life out there. There is no **** way our planet is the only cosmic mistake out there. There has to be something else out there.

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PostPosted: Wed Mar 24, 2010 8:01 pm 
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Far out in the uncharted backwaters of the unfashionable end of the Western Spiral arm of the Galaxy lies a small unregarded yellow sun. Orbiting this at a distance of roughly ninety-eight million miles is an utterly insignificant little blue-green planet whose ape-descended life forms are so amazingly primitive that they still think digital watches are a pretty neat idea.


A bit dated, but still makes it's case nonetheless.......


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PostPosted: Wed Mar 24, 2010 8:54 pm 
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Raltar wrote:
All this tells me if that there is even more of a chance for intelligent life out there. There is no **** way our planet is the only cosmic mistake out there. There has to be something else out there.


The cosmic dice don't recognize a snake eyes roll as being any more improbable or significant than any other combination.

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PostPosted: Thu Mar 25, 2010 7:35 am 
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Does this mean that estimates of the amount of mass and energy in the universe have been woefully low?

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PostPosted: Thu Mar 25, 2010 9:34 am 
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Read a quote that resonated with me the other day:

"We are either the smartest beings in the universe or we are not. Either is a terrifying thought."

Can't remember where I read it now.

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PostPosted: Thu Mar 25, 2010 9:54 am 
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Hokanu wrote:
Read a quote that resonated with me the other day:

"We are either the smartest beings in the universe or we are not. Either is a terrifying thought."

Can't remember where I read it now.


You read it in Hopwin's signature.

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PostPosted: Thu Mar 25, 2010 10:13 am 
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Hokanu wrote:
Read a quote that resonated with me the other day:

"We are either the smartest beings in the universe or we are not. Either is a terrifying thought."

Can't remember where I read it now.

Huh?

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PostPosted: Thu Mar 25, 2010 10:55 am 
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Rafael wrote:
Raltar wrote:
All this tells me if that there is even more of a chance for intelligent life out there. There is no **** way our planet is the only cosmic mistake out there. There has to be something else out there.


The cosmic dice don't recognize a snake eyes roll as being any more improbable or significant than any other combination.

Wouldn't that be permutation?

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PostPosted: Thu Mar 25, 2010 11:33 am 
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Hopwin wrote:
Hokanu wrote:
Read a quote that resonated with me the other day:

"We are either the smartest beings in the universe or we are not. Either is a terrifying thought."

Can't remember where I read it now.

Huh?

LOL well see there you go.

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PostPosted: Thu Mar 25, 2010 12:13 pm 
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The title reminds me of this (very) short story by Terry Bisson:

Spoiler:
Quote:
"They're made out of meat."

"Meat?"

"Meat. They're made out of meat."

"Meat?"

"There's no doubt about it. We picked several from different parts of the planet, took them aboard our recon vessels, probed them all the way through. They're completely meat."

"That's impossible. What about the radio signals? The messages to the stars."

"They use the radio waves to talk, but the signals don't come from them. The signals come from machines."

"So who made the machines? That's who we want to contact."

"They made the machines. That's what I'm trying to tell you. Meat made the machines."

"That's ridiculous. How can meat make a machine? You're asking me to believe in sentient meat."

"I'm not asking you, I'm telling you. These creatures are the only sentient race in the sector and they're made out of meat."

"Maybe they're like the Orfolei. You know, a carbon-based intelligence that goes through a meat stage."

"Nope. They're born meat and they die meat. We studied them for several of their life spans, which didn't take too long. Do you have any idea the life span of meat?"

"Spare me. Okay, maybe they're only part meat. You know, like the Weddilei. A meat head with an electron plasma brain inside."

"Nope. We thought of that, since they do have meat heads like the Weddilei. But I told you, we probed them. They're meat all the way through."

"No brain?"

"Oh, there is a brain all right. It's just that the brain is made out of meat!"

"So... what does the thinking?"

"You're not understanding, are you? The brain does the thinking. The meat."

"Thinking meat! You're asking me to believe in thinking meat!"

"Yes, thinking meat! Conscious meat! Loving meat. Dreaming meat. The meat is the whole deal! Are you getting the picture?"

"Omigod. You're serious then. They're made out of meat."

"Finally, Yes. They are indeed made out meat. And they've been trying to get in touch with us for almost a hundred of their years."

"So what does the meat have in mind?"

"First it wants to talk to us. Then I imagine it wants to explore the universe, contact other sentients, swap ideas and information. The usual."

"We're supposed to talk to meat?"

"That's the idea. That's the message they're sending out by radio. 'Hello. Anyone out there? Anyone home?' That sort of thing."

"They actually do talk, then. They use words, ideas, concepts?"

"Oh, yes. Except they do it with meat."

"I thought you just told me they used radio."

"They do, but what do you think is on the radio? Meat sounds. You know how when you slap or flap meat it makes a noise? They talk by flapping their meat at each other. They can even sing by squirting air through their meat."

"Omigod. Singing meat. This is altogether too much. So what do you advise?"

"Officially or unofficially?"

"Both."

"Officially, we are required to contact, welcome, and log in any and all sentient races or multibeings in the quadrant, without prejudice, fear, or favor. Unofficially, I advise that we erase the records and forget the whole thing."

"I was hoping you would say that."

"It seems harsh, but there is a limit. Do we really want to make contact with meat?"

"I agree one hundred percent. What's there to say?" `Hello, meat. How's it going?' But will this work? How many planets are we dealing with here?"

"Just one. They can travel to other planets in special meat containers, but they can't live on them. And being meat, they only travel through C space. Which limits them to the speed of light and makes the possibility of their ever making contact pretty slim. Infinitesimal, in fact."

"So we just pretend there's no one home in the universe."

"That's it."

"Cruel. But you said it yourself, who wants to meet meat? And the ones who have been aboard our vessels, the ones you have probed? You're sure they won't remember?"

"They'll be considered crackpots if they do. We went into their heads and smoothed out their meat so that we're just a dream to them."

"A dream to meat! How strangely appropriate, that we should be meat's dream."

"And we can mark this sector unoccupied."

"Good. Agreed, officially and unofficially. Case closed. Any others? Anyone interesting on that side of the galaxy?"

"Yes, a rather shy but sweet hydrogen core cluster intelligence in a class nine star in G445 zone. Was in contact two galactic rotations ago, wants to be friendly again."

"They always come around."

"And why not? Imagine how unbearably, how unutterably cold the universe would be if one were all alone."


Lydiaa wrote:
I giggled at this "Very Large Telescope (VLT)" I guess scientists aint very good at naming stuff hehe

They're really not. For instance:
Extremely Low Frequency
Super Low Frequency
Ultra Low Frequency
Very Low Frequency
Low Frequency
Medium Frequency
High Frequency
Very High Frequency
Ultra High Frequency
Super High Frequency
Extremely High Frequency
New and Improved 2x Ultra High Frequency with Static Guard

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PostPosted: Thu Mar 25, 2010 12:22 pm 
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I would have put ultra above super. But that's just me.

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PostPosted: Fri Mar 26, 2010 9:29 am 
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Müs wrote:
I would have put ultra above super. But that's just me.

But super means "above". How do you get above above, without being extreme?

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PostPosted: Fri Mar 26, 2010 9:38 am 
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Stathol wrote:
They have their moments :) I always get tickled by Overwhelmingly Large Telescope.


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PostPosted: Fri Mar 26, 2010 1:40 pm 
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And who can forget the Large Hard-on Collider?

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Reckless, O soul, exploring, I with thee, and thou with me;
For we are bound where mariner has not yet dared to go,
And we will risk the ship, ourselves and all.


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PostPosted: Fri Mar 26, 2010 1:45 pm 
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Stathol wrote:
And who can forget the Large Hard-on Collider?

Sounds gay. And quite possibly painful.

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"... Mirrorshades prevent the forces of normalcy from realizing that one is crazed and possibly dangerous. They are the symbol of the sun-staring visionary, the biker, the rocker, the policeman, and similar outlaws." - Bruce Sterling, preface to Mirrorshades


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PostPosted: Fri Mar 26, 2010 2:07 pm 
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Kaffis Mark V wrote:
Stathol wrote:
And who can forget the Large Hard-on Collider?

Sounds gay. And quite possibly painful.

"Use the schwartz!"

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