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PostPosted: Thu Feb 10, 2011 11:25 am 
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Lex Luthor wrote:
Thomas Edison was an engineer.

I don't think that's a point in engineers' favor...

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PostPosted: Thu Feb 10, 2011 11:46 am 
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He was smart enough to steal from Nikola Tesla.

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PostPosted: Thu Feb 10, 2011 11:47 am 
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Ienan wrote:
So much scientific misinformation in this thread, I can't even correct it all. I actually agree largely with Arathain's perspective. Engineering does involve a lot of novel research, but it does so in search of an application for that novel research. Scientists want to understand how processes work and thus conduct research in pursuit of that. Sometimes scientists apply this research though, in pursuit of a new drug, for example. The stereotype that scientists do the research and engineers apply it is myth, partially reinforced by shows such as The Big Bang Theory.


I think a lot of this comes down to trying to stereotype such large fields as "science" and "engineering".

As to

Arathain wrote:
The big difference between engineering and science is the practical, useful application. Scientists figure out how it works, engineers apply that.


Most of what I do is practical, useful applications. Granted, there are a lot of my colleagues that work mostly on how things work and don't really care about the applications, but lots of groups (like mine) are of the opinion that if there isn't a direct application and you aren't working towards it, you need to re-think your project.

We do a good bit of fundamental research, but all in the mind with some application as the end goal- if I want to design novel DNA switches or conducting wires, I need to do a good bit of fundamental research involving structure-function relationships, etc... But as the end goal, I want a conducting wire or stimulus responsive DNA switch that can go directly into use.

And most of the scientists I know do lots in the way of getting patents- so you can't really make a patentable/non-patentable distinction either.

I think Arathain's distinction works as a broad generality, but there are lots of cases on either side that fall outside of it.

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PostPosted: Thu Feb 10, 2011 12:01 pm 
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lets be clear, not-a-science does not make something less of a valid field of study. It does not make it less rigorous, it does not make it less difficult, it does not make it less honorable. I posted the quote for humor.

A Doctor is not a scientist. I doctor is a mechanic. Some people go to Medical School and then go into research --these are scientists. Some people go into medical school and then practice medicine. They are clinicians, and not (generally) scientists unless they are also engaged in research.

Neither one is 'better' than the other.

But, people engaged in research, who operate by experimentation to generate and (dis)prove hypothoses, who advance human understanding through the proper application of scientific method, are indeed called scientists. This intellectual snobbery is patently silly.


For the record, you'd get a lot farther arguing that Astrophysics is not a science, in that it nearly always is dependent on obersvation, NOT experimentation. Even our crashing of probes into comets, etc. are still forms of observation, not experimentation. I frankly think Astronomy gets a pass on this one though as it a) produces results b) the obersvation & study of the stars & planets is one of the oldest forms of study known to man. But you'd have far more luck arguing that astronomy is not a science, than trying to claim psychology is not.


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PostPosted: Thu Feb 10, 2011 12:21 pm 
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Astrophysics helped bring us satellites. That's an example of experimentation.


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PostPosted: Thu Feb 10, 2011 12:32 pm 
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You know, this kind of speaks back to your most recent advice-seeking thread, TheRiov; where I did not respond because you really don't want advice. Nevertheless, I'll post it here ...

If you want to be an Astrophysicist, then get an Undergraduate Degree in Mathematics. Also, get a Masters Degree in Mathematics. After that, go and find yourself a really good university with a department of Applied Mathematics and get a Ph.D.

Which, sort of speaks to this thread ...

How far removed from a purely mathematical pursuit is your discipline? The further away one gets, the less likely it is to be a science.

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PostPosted: Thu Feb 10, 2011 12:43 pm 
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As far as that goes, I work right by the National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis (NIMBioS). Their working groups are just neat:
http://www.nimbios.org/workinggroups/

Unfortunately I can't ever take anything seriously, and I'm prone to seeing those guys in the morning on my way to work and thinking things like (in movie-trailer-guy-voice) "meanwhile, in the bowels of NIMBioS, a renegade band of mathematicians works to..."
/random_weirdness_derail


Last edited by Jeryn on Thu Feb 10, 2011 12:44 pm, edited 1 time in total.

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PostPosted: Thu Feb 10, 2011 12:44 pm 
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wait... so math is the only 'pure' science?

good lord, look up science in the dictionary. We're arguing word definitions now, you'll find that psychology fits both the connotations and denotations of a science.

No matter how much you want to pare off that section and redefine it in Khross/Lex-world, the reality is that you're just plain incorrect in this instance.


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PostPosted: Thu Feb 10, 2011 12:45 pm 
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Khross wrote:
How far removed from a purely mathematical pursuit is your discipline? The further away one gets, the less likely it is to be a science.


I'd say this is fairly true, but there's some exceptions to this. Macro-biology, ecology, etc. are definitely science, but are fairly removed from mathematics.


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PostPosted: Thu Feb 10, 2011 12:49 pm 
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You're chosing to redefine science with the definition of "hard science"

Social Sciences are still science, if not hard sciences.


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PostPosted: Thu Feb 10, 2011 12:49 pm 
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TheRiov wrote:
wait... so math is the only 'pure' science?

good lord, look up science in the dictionary. We're arguing word definitions now, you'll find that psychology fits both the connotations and denotations of a science.

No matter how much you want to pare off that section and redefine it in Khross/Lex-world, the reality is that you're just plain incorrect in this instance.


Image

So, it must be true.


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PostPosted: Thu Feb 10, 2011 12:58 pm 
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The other important distinction in the sciences lies in the "Observational vs. Experimental Science" section.

Most of psychology, ecology, evolutionary biology, astrophysics are all observational.

At the other end of the spectrum, mathematics is probably the least observational (most experimental) field.

The soft sciences, by and large, are those that require little math and are primarily observational. Hence, molecular biology (doesn't require much math but is highly experimental) is more of a hard science than evolutionary biology or ecology (don't require much math, primarily observational).

At least that's what I've put together from talking to people.

We have what we call "Graduate Speakeasy's" where we get graduate students from all different disciplines together to speak on their research. It's quite interesting to hear the methods and discussion following these informal presentations.

Also note that saying something isn't a science doesn't make the research less difficult or important, it just makes it a different kind of research. Linguistics isn't science, but is a very rigorous discipline, from everything that I've seen.

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PostPosted: Thu Feb 10, 2011 1:12 pm 
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NephyrS wrote:
Linguistics isn't science, but is a very rigorous discipline, from everything that I've seen.
That kind of depends, but for the most part I agree. I'd put in caveats for computational and quantitative linguistics though.

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PostPosted: Thu Feb 10, 2011 2:29 pm 
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Congratulations! This thread just won the internet. Pull the plugs on the routers guys and wrap up the fiber-optics cause we're done here!

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PostPosted: Thu Feb 10, 2011 3:34 pm 
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I don't even know how you guys can have so many pages of caring about it at this point. :P

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PostPosted: Thu Feb 10, 2011 6:17 pm 
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Drug testing is standard scientific method. The only difference is the hypothosis being tested is not one of absolutes. It is not "does X drug do Y in Every case"
It IS "Does X drug do Y in some portion of the population, and do the benfits outweigh the risks"

It may be that a certain drug only affects people with a certain chromosome or certain types of cancer. That in no way invalidates the science and the nature of the process that was used to achieve it.


Riov, no offence but you really need to understand more of how medicines in general work. (not talking about bioengineered meds).

Most meds target a system in the body. Meds are not there to ‘cure’ an ailment, they are to either reduce a symptom, control your immune system in some way, increase or decrease path ways, to release something your body can not self produce due to deficiency, etc, etc, etc. Messing with the body is always risky, simply because of the perfectly balanced (most of the time) system that we are.

There are of course exceptions being the anti-microbial/anti-fungal, which targets the organism. (won’t get into it, too long, not enough coffee yet)

The question asked when developing a new drug IS “Does the X drug do Y in every case”. In a lab control environment, it is often yes. It is until you have live animals trials and human trials that this question falls into %.

Reason being there are other complex systems in the mix in humans, sometime’s people are allergic, sometimes they have other ailments which interfere, sometimes they have a genetic deviation, or sometimes they simply don’t dose according to the instructions. That’s not to say the drug doesn’t work, the chemical reaction doesn’t change, there are just some things which might derail the reaction.

The creation of the medicine is a science with lots of fun multi-paged reports to read, and trust me when I say there is enough validation and verification data to crush a horse. Distributing it to the general public… not so much. BUT in other good news, this is also why the drug industry is looking into bioengineered drugs, personally designed and ensured to work every time because it takes that variable out of equation. So ya, don’t hate the drug, hate the taker =P


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PostPosted: Thu Feb 10, 2011 6:24 pm 
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forgive me for simplifying a process for the purposes of the example. I didn't set out to define it.
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The question asked when developing a new drug IS “Does the X drug do Y in every case”. In a lab control environment, it is often yes. It is until you have live animals trials and human trials that this question falls into %.

Yes, perhaps I should have been more specific, this is the portion of drug testing I was referring to.


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PostPosted: Thu Feb 10, 2011 6:28 pm 
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That's not drug testing, that's clinical evidence used to justify supplying on the market. That's no longer science, it's about registration of the product for future profit.

Let me expand on that a little. In a dossier for drugs, the design, manufacturing, validation and verification, stability are all taken in as facts. Hard, cold science.

Clinical evidence requires the resume of the signatory, simply because it is no longer hard, cold science, but based on the bias of the conductor. So clinical is where it stops being science, and starts being marketing.


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PostPosted: Thu Feb 10, 2011 7:04 pm 
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In Many cases you still have to prove it has an effect over a placebo.


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PostPosted: Thu Feb 10, 2011 8:10 pm 
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Lex Luthor wrote:
Stathol wrote:
As an applied field, engineering usually doesn't involve solving truly new problems, but there some odd exceptions occasionally. But many times you could say that it involves solving unique combinations/arrangements of known problems, at least some of the time. It depends on the field.


Same with scientists. All innovation builds up from something previous. It's very rare for people to come up with something totally new. The bow and arrow took millions of years to invent.


Lex, the definition of scientist is not "People Lex wants to be scientists", and you're doing yourself no favors bringing up reason after reason why engineers should be scientists because you want them to be, but not farmers or sociologists because they don't.

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PostPosted: Thu Feb 10, 2011 8:27 pm 
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TheRiov wrote:
In Many cases you still have to prove it has an effect over a placebo.


Which again feeds into the marketing/registration/safety testing aspect, and isn't science.

Most of that stuff isn't done in a lab, and most is done by clinicians, not science. See Lydia's previous points, they are quite well written and accurately explain the difference between the science of drug design and the business of drug manufacture and registration.

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PostPosted: Thu Feb 10, 2011 10:16 pm 
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TheRiov wrote:

Drug testing is standard scientific method. The only difference is the hypothosis being tested is not one of absolutes. It is not "does X drug do Y in Every case"
It IS "Does X drug do Y in some portion of the population, and do the benfits outweigh the risks"

It may be that a certain drug only affects people with a certain chromosome or certain types of cancer. That in no way invalidates the science and the nature of the process that was used to achieve it.

By the same token, Psychology, Sociology, Economics, and a number of other sciences do not seek to achieve solutions that apply to every individual, but instead seek to find theories that model certain situations, provide testable thories, and suggest the variant classic "IF A, B & C exist, then by doing X and Y, the result is more often Z than not z" You don't have to prove that it happens EVERY time. Just that there is a statistical cause and effect.


In classical physics, we have the luxury of dealing with such massive amounts of individual particles and such vast distances (compared to that the uncertainty of an individual particle's behavior) that such things can be ignored. That doesnt' invalidate classical physics just because it doesn't describe the behavior of particles on the quantum scale--it means that theory must be refined, new theories must be developed, and the science advanced. But that doesn't mean that classical physics was any less a science.


I honestly don't know how you get what it seems you got out of what I said.

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